Optimal Diamond Distance Estimation for Unitary Channels

The diamond distance between two quantum channels determines the optimal probability of distinguishing them from a single use. We give a quantum algorithm that estimates the diamond distance between two unknown $d$-dimensional unitary channels to within additive error $\varepsilon$, using $O(\sqrt{d}/\varepsilon)$ queries to the unitary channels and their inverses. The query complexity is optimal, as it matches the lower bound due to Jeon and Oh (npj Quantum Inf. 2026).

Source: arXiv:2610.40623v1 - http://arxiv.org/abs/2610.40623v1 PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.40623v1 Original Link: http://arxiv.org/abs/2610.40623v1