Efficient purely organic phosphorescent emitters for programmable luminescent tags: from building blocks to donor-acceptor-donor structures

Purely organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) emitters are key components of programmable luminescent tags (PLTs), photonic devices for rewritable information storage and UV dosimetry. In this work, we systematically explore the design space of donor-acceptor and donor-acceptor-donor organic phosphorescent emitters in symmetric and asymmetric architectures. Phenoxathiine (PX) is introduced as an alternative donor to thianthrene (TA), combined with benzophenone (BP) or pyridine (Py) as acceptors. Through photophysical characterization, quantum chemical simulations, and PLT device testing, we identify structure-property relationships and, in particular, investigate the impact of the individual moieties on the emission properties and stability. The RTP emission wavelength is primarily tunable through the donor moiety: PX-based emitters emit sky-blue (λ_P = 480 nm), while TA-based emitters emit in the green (λ_P = 520 nm) due to an increased Stokes shift. The acceptor unit strongly influences the phosphorescence quantum yield, with Py-based emitters systematically outperforming BP-based ones. All newly synthesized PX-containing emitters show sufficient performance in PLT devices, though with reduced photostability compared to TA-based counterparts. Together, these results demonstrate that systematic donor-acceptor design enables predictable control over RTP emission properties, advancing the rational development of high-performance RTP-based photonic devices.

Source: arXiv:2605.21022v1 - http://arxiv.org/abs/2605.21022v1 PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.21022v1 Original Link: http://arxiv.org/abs/2605.21022v1